برنامج رهيب لتحديث برامج الهاردوير في الحاسوووووووب من الموقع الرسمي مباشرة
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برنامج رهيب لتحديث برامج الهاردوير في الحاسوووووووب من الموقع الرسمي مباشرة
About Device Drivers
Any OS must possess the ability to interact with physical devices, such as network cards, disks, and video interfaces. The OS must, for instance, request a file from disk on behalf of the user. This requires subsystem-specific function calls that make the request, wait for the disk's response, then pass the results to the user.
This is where driver files, often referred to as "device drivers," come in. These executable files provide the interface between the OS and the physical hardware subsystem. In some cases, such as serial interfaces, keyboards, and mouse hardware, drivers are often very generic. This means one will work with nearly any device of a given type (for instance, any PS/2 style mouse can generally use the same driver).
In other cases, such as video and network cards (NICs), the device driver is specific to a certain manufacturer and model. The drivers that work with an NVIDIA 7200 series chip set, for instance, may not work or will operate only in a very generic manner when used with a video card manufactured by another vendor (such as Diamond or Hercules).
Drivers provide a component of the "hardware abstraction" present in modern operating systems. They're what allow us to create PCs and other systems that mix and match components from multiple vendors. In older minicomputer systems and even early IBM PCs, the hardware was fixed and interacted directly with the OS. Often this meant only one program at a time could make use of a given component, since each program exercised direct control over that hardware.
With drivers and hardware abstraction, multiple applications can make (nearly) simultaneous use of the same physical piece of hardware. The OS manages access to the hardware, allowing each program a turn at the device every few microseconds.
If you're having problems with a particular device, check the compatibility of the installed driver against the list of supported versions. Sometimes upgrading a driver file can make all the difference in the world in terms of system stability and performance. You can try this tool which will do all of the driver downloading and updating for you!
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